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C. 303 - 373 SAINT EPHRAM OF SYRUS ("THE SYRIAN")

A well known and still respected Syriac Christian poet and theologian .Over 400 of his hymns are still in existence. He wrote a quite a few of anti-Jewish hymns ( e.g. Hymns of the Unleavened Bread, Carmina Nisibena) which were incorporated into the Syriac and Orthodox church. Recognized as a " Doctor of the Church", he called on his fellow Christians to;" Avoid the Jew… Your death and blood is nothing much to him!... he tramps around the ocean and the land to find companions for the road to Hell." The Prayer of Saint Ephrem, is still recited at every service during Lent and other fasting periods in Eastern Christianity. He is also honored with a feast day by the Episcopal Church (USA) on June 10.There was also a pseudo-Ephram fifty years later who continued fulminations against the Jews including ; " He who eats with a Jew, shall not inherit life in the afterworld."


306 COUNCIL OF ELVIRA

One of the earliest Christian councils, and origin of some of the first pre Constantine canons against Jews. It included a ban on intermarriage and social intercourse or hospitality. In addition, crops were forbidden to be blessed by Jews.


307 - 337 CONSTANTINE (Roman Empire)

United the Roman Empire. Part of his policy was to protect Jews who converted to Christianity. Constantine also founded a new capital city in the East at Constantinople (modern Istanbul). This reflected the increasing weakness of the Western part of the Roman Empire and the strengthening of the Eastern part.




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